1. Mofuta oa botsofali oa thepa ea polymer
Lisebelisoa tsa polymer ha li ntse li sebetsa, ho boloka le ho sebelisoa, ka lebaka la ketso e pharaletseng ea lintlha tsa ka hare le tsa ka ntle, thepa ea eona e senyeha butle-butle, e le hore tahlehelo ea ho qetela ea boleng ba tšebeliso, ketsahalo ena e le ea botsofali ba thepa ea polymer.
Sena ha se bake feela tšenyo ea lisebelisoa, empa se bile se lebisa likotsing tse kholoanyane ka lebaka la ho hlōleha ha eona ho sebetsa, 'me ho senyeha ha thepa e bakoang ke ho tsofala ha eona ho ka boela ha silafatsa tikoloho.
Ka lebaka la mefuta e fapaneng ea polymer le maemo a fapaneng a ts'ebeliso, ho na le liketsahalo le litšobotsi tse fapaneng tsa botsofali.Ka kakaretso, botsofali ba thepa ea polymer bo ka aroloa ka mefuta e mene e latelang ea liphetoho:
Liphetoho ponahalong
Ho na le matheba, li-blotches, mela ea silevera, mapetsong, serame, phofo, moriri, ho phunya, mahlo a litlhapi, wrinkling, shrinkage, tukang, optical distortion le liphetoho tsa 'mala oa optical.
Liphetoho tsa thepa ea 'mele
Ho kenyelletsa ho solubility, ho ruruha, thepa ea rheological le ho hanyetsa serame, ho hanyetsa mocheso, ho kenella ha metsi, ho kenella ha moea le lintho tse ling tsa phetoho.
Liphetoho tsa thepa ea mechine
Matla a tsitsitseng, matla a ho khumama, matla a ho kuta, matla a tšusumetso, bolelele bo lekanang, ho phomola khatello ea kelello, joalo-joalo.
Liphetoho tsa thepa ea motlakase
Tse kang ho hanyetsa holim'a metsi, ho hanyetsa molumo, ho lula ha dielectric, matla a ho senya motlakase a fetoha.
2. Lintho tse bakang botsofali ba thepa ea polymer
Hobane ts'ebetsong ea polymer, ts'ebetso ea ts'ebeliso, e tla angoa ke mocheso, oksijene, metsi, leseli, likokoana-hloko le lintho tsa tikoloho tse kang motsoako oa lik'hemik'hale oa lik'hemik'hale tsa eona le sebopeho sa eona se ka hlahisa letoto la liphetoho, thepa e tšoanang e mpe ea 'mele. e le moriri o thata, o brittle, o khomarela, o fetoha mebala, ho lahleheloa ke matla joalo-joalo, liphetoho tsena le ketsahalo ena e bitsoa botsofali.
Polymer e phahameng tlas'a ts'ebetso ea mocheso kapa leseli e tla theha limolek'hule tse thabileng, ha matla a phahame ka ho lekaneng, ketane ea molek'hule e tla robeha ho etsa li-radicals tsa mahala, li-radicals tsa mahala li ka etsa ketane ka hare ho polymer, li tsoela pele ho baka ho senyeha, li ka boela tsa baka. ho kopanya.
Haeba oksijene kapa ozone e le teng tikolohong, letoto la liketso tsa oxidation li ka susumetsoa hore li thehe hydroperoxides (ROOH), e ka boelang ea senyeha ho ba lihlopha tsa carbonyl.
Haeba ho na le li-ion tsa tšepe tse setseng tsa polymer, kapa li-ion tsa tšepe tse kang koporo, tšepe, manganese le cobalt li kenngoa ka har'a polymer nakong ea ts'ebetso le ts'ebeliso, karabelo ea ho senyeha ha oxidation ea polymer e tla potlakisa.
3. Mekhoa ea ho thibela botsofali ba thepa ea polymer
Hajoale, mekhoa ea mantlha ea ho ntlafatsa le ho ntlafatsa thepa e thibelang botsofali ea thepa ea polymer ke e latelang:
Botsofali ba thepa ea polymer, haholo-holo botsofali ba photooxygen, bo qala ho qala ka holim'a thepa kapa sehlahisoa, se bonahatsoang e le ho fetoha ha 'mala, phofo, ho phunyeha, ho fokotseha ha khanya, ebe butle-butle ho ea hare.
Lihlahisoa tse tšesaane li ka 'na tsa hlōleha pele ho lihlahisoa tse teteaneng, kahoo bophelo ba tšebeletso ea lihlahisoa bo ka atolosoa ka lihlahisoa tse teteaneng.
Bakeng sa lihlahisoa tse bonolo tsa ho tsofala, li ka koaheloa ka holim'a metsi kapa li koahetsoe ka lera la ho hanyetsa meteo e ntle, kapa karolong e ka ntle ea sehlahisoa se entsoeng ka motsoako oa thepa e ntle ea ho hanyetsa boemo ba leholimo, e le hore holim'a sehlahisoa se khomaretsoe lera. ea lera le sireletsang, e le ho liehisa mokhoa oa ho tsofala.
Nakong ea ho kopanya kapa ho lokisetsa, lisebelisoa tse ngata le tsona li na le bothata ba botsofali.Ka mohlala, phello ea mocheso ka mokhoa oa polymerization, botsofali ba oksijene ea mocheso ka mokhoa oa ho sebetsa joalo-joalo.Ka hona, phello ea oksijene e ka fokotsoa ka ho eketsa lisebelisoa tsa deoxygenation kapa lisebelisoa tsa vacuum nakong ea polymerization kapa ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso.
Leha ho le joalo, mokhoa ona o ka tiisa feela ts'ebetso ea thepa fekthering, 'me mokhoa ona o ka kenngoa ts'ebetsong feela ho tloha mohloling oa ho itokisa, o sitoa ho rarolla bothata ba eona ba botsofali nakong ea ho tsosolosa le ho sebelisoa.
Ho na le lihlopha tseo ho leng bonolo haholo ho tsofala ka har'a sebopeho sa limolek'hule tsa lisebelisoa tse ngata tsa polymer, kahoo ka moralo oa sebopeho sa limolek'hule tsa thepa, ho nkela lihlopha tse seng bonolo ho tsofala le lihlopha tse bonolo ho tsofala hangata li ka bapala phello e ntle.
Kapa ho kenyelletsoa ha lihlopha tse sebetsang kapa mehaho e nang le phello e khahlanong le botsofali ho ketane ea limolek'hule tsa polymer ka ho hlomathiseletsoa kapa mokhoa oa copolymerization, ho fana ka thepa ka boeona ka mokhoa o babatsehang oa ho thibela botsofali, hape ke mokhoa o atisang ho sebelisoa ke bafuputsi, empa litšenyehelo li phahame. 'me e ke ke ea finyella tlhahiso le ts'ebeliso e kholo.
Hona joale, mokhoa o atlehang le mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa ho ntlafatsa ho hanyetsa botsofali ba thepa ea polymer ke ho eketsa li-additives tse khahlanong le botsofali, tse sebelisoang haholo ka lebaka la theko e tlaase 'me ha ho hlokahale hore u fetole mokhoa o teng oa tlhahiso.Ho na le mekhoa e 'meli ea mantlha ea ho kenyelletsa li-additives tsena tse thibelang botsofali:
Tlatsetso e tobileng ea li-additives: li-additives tse khahlanong le botsofali (phofo kapa metsi) le resin le lisebelisoa tse ling tse tala li kopantsoe ka ho toba le ho tsosoa ka mor'a ho hlahisa granulation kapa molding ea ente, joalo-joalo Ka lebaka la ho nolofatsa ha eona, mokhoa ona oa ho eketsa o sebelisoa haholo ho pompa e mengata le lifeme tsa ho etsa ente.
Mokhoa oa ho eketsa botsofali oa masterbatch: Ho bahlahisi ba nang le litlhoko tse phahameng tsa boleng ba sehlahisoa le botsitso ba boleng, ho tloaelehile ho eketsa masterbatch e thibelang botsofali tlhahisong.
Anti-botsofali masterbatch e loketse resin joalo ka sejari, e kopantsoeng le mefuta e fapaneng ea li-additives tse thibelang botsofali, ebe ka li-twin-screw extruder co-extrusion granulation, melemo ea ts'ebeliso ea eona e mabapi le li-additives tse thibelang botsofali nakong ea ho lokisa lisebelisoa tsa pele tsa masterbatch. ba qhalakantsoeng, morao haholo ts'ebetsong ea ts'ebetso ea lintho tse bonahalang, moemeli ea khahlanong le botsofali o fumana ho hasana ha bobeli, Ho finyella morero oa ho hasana ha junifomo ea bathusi ka matrix a thepa ea polymer, eseng feela ho netefatsa boleng ba botsitso ba sehlahisoa, empa hape le ho qoba. tšilafalo ea lerōle nakong ea tlhahiso, ho etsa hore tlhahiso e be e tala le ho sireletsa tikoloho.
Nako ea poso: Aug-17-2022